11 markeasy
Hydrolysis of CH3CH2CN with dilute HCl produces which compound?
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CH3CH2CH2NH3
CH3CH2COH
CH3CH2COOH
CH3COOH
Chemistry — AS
15 questions · 15 marks · ≈ 15 min
Hydrolysis of CH3CH2CN with dilute HCl produces which compound?
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CH3CH2CH2NH3
CH3CH2COH
CH3CH2COOH
CH3COOH
The equation shows a chemical reaction
CH3CH2CHClCH3 + CN– → CH3CH2CH(CH3)CN + Cl–
What is the name for this type of reaction?
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Electrophilic substitution
Free radical substitution
Nucleophilic addition
Nucleophilic substitution
What are the reagents needed in the reaction of 1-bromopropane to butanenitrile?
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Ethanol and heat
KCN
KCN and ethanol
KCN, ethanol and heat
What are the products when ethanenitrile is heated under reflux with dilute hydrochloric acid?
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Ethanoic acid and ammonia
Ethanoic acid and ammonium chloride
Propanoic acid and ammonia
Propanoic acid and ammonium chloride
What are the products in the reaction of ethanenitrile and sodium hydroxide?
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Sodium ethanoate and ammonia
Sodium ethanoate and ammonium chloride
Sodium propanoate and ammonia
Sodium propanoate ammonium chloride
Which one of the following reactants would not produce a nitrile in a one-step reaction?
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Aldehydes
Alkanes
Amides
Halogenoalkanes
Which of the following reactions would produce 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile?
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Ethanal + ammonia
Ethanal + sulphuric acid
Propanone + ammonia
Propanone + hydrogen cyanide
Which row does not identify a correct combination of reactant and reagent to produce a nitrile?
| Reactant | Reagent | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Halogenoalkane | Potassium cyanide and ethanol |
| B | Amide | Phosphorus(V) oxide |
| C | Aldehyde | Hydrogen cyanide |
| D | Ketone | Ammonia |
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The following equations show reactions with nitrogen compounds. Which one correctly shows the hydrolysis of nitriles with dilute acid?
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CH3CN + HCl + 2H2O → CH3COOH + NH3Cl
CH3CN + HCl + 2H2O → CH3COOH + NH4Cl
CH3CN + HCl + 2H2O → CH3COOHCl + NH3
CH3CN + HCl + H2O → CH3COOH + NH4Cl
The following equations show reactions with nitrogen compounds. Which one correctly shows the hydrolysis of nitriles with dilute sodium hydroxide?
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CH3CN + NaOH + 2H2O → CH3COONa + NH3
CH3CN + NaOH + 2H2O → CH3COONa + NH4
CH3CN + NaOH + H2O → CH3COONa + NH3
CH3CN + NaOH + H2O → CH3COONa + NH4
The reaction scheme shows a two-step synthesis starting from butanenitrile.
CH3CH2CH2CN X CH3CH2CH2COOH
Which row identifies the reagents and conditions for step 1 and step 2?
| Step 1 | Step 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Heat with dilute HCl under reflux | Neutralisation with NaOH |
| B | Heat with aqueous NaOH under reflux | Acidification with dilute HCl |
| C | Heat with LiAlH4 in dry ether | Oxidation with acidified K2Cr2O7 |
| D | Heat with dilute H2SO4 under reflux | Distillation |
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The reaction sequence shows the two-step synthesis for the production of 2-hydroxybutanenitrile from propan-1-ol.
CH3CH2CH2OH X CH3CH2CHOHCN
Which set of reagents and conditions correctly completes Step 1 and Step 2?
| Step 1 | Step 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| A | K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 under distillation | NaCN (aq) / H+ (aq) |
| B | NaCl / H2SO4 | NaCN / Ethanol |
| C | NaCN (aq) / H+ (aq) | K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 under distillation |
| D | NaCN / Ethanol | NaCl / H2SO4 |
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Butanone can undergo addition when mixed with NaCN (aq) / H+ (aq), forming product Z. Product Z can then undergo hydrolysis when heated with dilute HCl, forming product Y.
Which compound is product Y?
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2-ethyl-2-hydroxypropylamine
2-hydroxybutylamine
2-hydroxypentanoic acid
2-methyl-2-hydroxybutanoic acid
Which row in the table gives the correct type of reaction, reactants and reagents to produce a hydroxynitrile?
| Type of reaction | Reactants | Reagents | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Addition | Aldehyde | HCN |
| B | Hydrolysis | Halogenoalkane | Ethanolic NH3 |
| C | Substitution | Ketone | HCN |
| D | Addition | Halogenoalkane | KCN, ethanol |
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What would X, Y and Z be in the following reaction sequence?
CH3CH2CH2Br X + KBr Y + NH3 Z
| X | Y | Z | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | CH3CH2CH2K | CH3CH2CH2COONa | CH3CH2CH2COOH |
| B | CH3CH2CH2CN | CH3CH2CH2COONa | CH3CH2CH2COOH |
| C | CH3CH2CH2K | CH3CH2CH2COOH | CH3CH2CH2COONa |
| D | CH3CH2CH2CN | CH3CH2CH2COOH | CH3CH2CH2COONa |
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