31 questions · 64 marks · ≈ 64 min · spans 28 of 73 topics
Assembled from the topic question banks — not an official Cambridge International paperWhich statement about diffusion is correct?
Choose your answer
It is a chemical change.
The net movement of particles is from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
The particles spread in order with a fixed pattern.
The net movement of particles is from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
A selenide ion has the following notation.
Which row correctly describes the subatomic particles in a selenide ion?
| Protons | Neutrons | Electrons | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 79 | 34 | 34 |
| B | 34 | 45 | 34 |
| C | 34 | 45 | 36 |
| D | 45 | 34 | 32 |
Choose your answer
Lithium and chlorine react together to form lithium chloride. During formation, each lithium atom…..1….. one …..2….. which is completely …..3….. to the chlorine atom.
What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | gains | electron | shared |
| B | loses | electron | transferred |
| C | gains | proton | transferred |
| D | loses | proton | shared |
Choose your answer
A covalent molecule M contains a total of four shared electrons.
What is M?
Choose your answer
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Methane
Which of the following statements about silicon(IV) dioxide and diamond are correct?
| 1 | Silicon(IV) dioxide forms a giant ionic lattice structure. |
|---|---|
| 2 | They are both compounds. |
| 3 | They both have very high melting points. |
| 4 | There are strong covalent bonds in silicon(IV) dioxide. |
Choose your answer
1 and 3
1 only 2
1, 2 and 4
3 and 4
Magnesium nitrate and sodium carbonate react as shown.
Mg(NO3)2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → MgCO3(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
Which row describes the spectator ions and the net ionic equation for the reaction?
| spectator ions | net ionic equation | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Mg2+ and CO32- | Mg2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → MgCO3(s) |
| B | NO3- and Na+ | NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) → NaNO3(aq) |
| C | Mg2+ and CO32- | NO3-(aq) + Na+(aq) → NaNO3(aq) |
| D | NO3- and Na+ | Mg2+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → MgCO3(s) |
Choose your answer
A sample of chalk (limestone) with a mass of 1.70 g was reacted with excess HCl and the amount of carbon dioxide given off was measured using a gas syringe. 0.36 dm3 of CO2 gas was collected at r.t.p.
CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
What is the percentage purity of the chalk?
Choose your answer
75 %
88 %
90 %
98 %
Four solutions are separately electrolysed.
| experiment | solution | electrodes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | dilute aqueous sodium chloride | carbon |
| 2 | aqueous copper(II) sulfate | copper |
| 3 | concentrated hydrochloric acid | carbon |
| 4 | dilute sulfuric acid | carbon |
In which two experiments is a colourless gas evolved at the anode?
Choose your answer
1 & 2
1 & 4
2 & 3
3 & 4
In a fuel cell ............1........... energy is converted to ..................2................ energy.
| 1 | 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| A | electrical | heat |
| B | chemical | electrical |
| C | potential | chemical |
| D | chemical | heat |
Choose your answer
Chlorine and ethane react together in an exothermic reaction to produce chloroethane and hydrogen chloride. The equation for the reaction is shown below.
C2H6 + Cl2 → C2H5Cl + HCl
The table below shows the relevant bond energies.
| bond | bond energy / (kJ / mol) |
|---|---|
| CーCl | + 340 |
| CーC | + 350 |
| CーH | + 410 |
| ClーCl | + 240 |
| HーCl | + 430 |
What is the energy change for the reaction between chlorine and ethane?
Choose your answer
-120 kJ / mol
-1020 kJ / mol
+120 kJ / mol
+1020 kJ / mol
Magnesium metal reacts with an excess of hydrochloric acid solution to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen:
Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Which of the following will not increase the rate of this reaction?
Choose your answer
Increase the temperature of the acid
Increase the surface area to volume ratio of the pieces of magnesium
Increase the concentration of the hydrochloric acid
Increase the volume of hydrochloric acid solution used
Water and a white solid are produced when blue copper(II) sulfate is heated. On the addition of water to the white solid, heat is released and the white solid turns blue.
Which row correctly describes the reaction and the blue copper(II) sulfate?
Choose your answer
type of reaction - non-reversible blue copper(II) sulfate - anhydrous
type of reaction - reversible blue copper(II) sulfate - anhydrous
type of reaction - non-reversible blue copper(II) sulfate - hydrated
type of reaction - reversible blue copper(II) sulfate - hydrated
Which one of the following substances is commonly used as a reducing agent?
Choose your answer
H2SO4
KMnO4
H2O2
CO
A student was given an unknown substance and asked to analyse it. The student decided to perform three tests and recorded the results as shown below.
What kind of substance was the student given?
Choose your answer
A salt
A metal
A base
An acid
Different salts can be prepared by titrating an alkali with an aqueous acid.
Three pieces of apparatus, P, Q and R, used to measure volumes of liquid are shown below.
What are the names of the three pieces of apparatus, P, Q and R?
| P | Q | R | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | pipette | burette | measuring cylinder |
| B | burette | pipette | conical flask |
| C | pipette | volumetric flask | burette |
| D | burette | pipette | measuring cylinder |
Choose your answer
Lithium and chromium are metals.
Which statement about the properties of these elements is correct?
Choose your answer
Lithium and chromium react vigorously with water in an exothermic reaction.
Lithium and chromium have a similar melting point because their atoms are arranged in a metallic lattice.
Lithium can form coloured compounds because it can have more than one oxidation state.
Chromium can form coloured compounds because it can have more than one oxidation state.
Four statements about Group I metals are shown.
Which statements are correct?
Choose your answer
1 and 2
2 and 3
2 and 4
3 and 4
A sample of element Y is shiny and can be shaped by hammering.
Which row of the table corresponds to the properties of element Y?
| conducts electricity | melts below 25℃ | |
|---|---|---|
| A | ✓ | |
| B | ||
| C | ✓ | ✓ |
| D | ✓ |
Choose your answer
Option A
Option B
Option C
Option D
The diagram shows the experimental set-up a student used to investigate the composition of air. The student left the apparatus in the laboratory and observed that the water level had risen inside the test tube after one week.
Which statement explains why the water level rose?
Choose your answer
Nitrogen monoxide was produced.
Iron oxide was produced.
The temperature of the water increased.
Sulfur dioxide was produced.
Which reaction does not occur in the extraction of aluminium?
Choose your answer
Al3+ + 3 e– → Al
2 Al2O3 + 3 C → 4 Al + 3 CO2
2 O2– → O2 + 4 e–
C + O2 → CO2
What essential plant nutrients do fertilisers supply?
| A | phosphorus | calcium | nitrogen |
|---|---|---|---|
| B | iron | nitrogen | magnesium |
| C | nitrogen | potassium | phosphorus |
| D | potassium | calcium | nitrogen |
Choose your answer
Which strategy for reducing the effect of environmental issues would not help reduce climate change?
Choose your answer
Reduce the amount of livestock farming
Plant more trees
Fit catalytic convertors on vehicles
Use renewable energy resources
Which of the following is not a feature of a homologous series?
Choose your answer
Compounds have the same functional group
Compounds have the same physical properties
Compounds have the same general formula
Compounds have similar chemical properties
The table below shows 4 different sources of petroleum (crude oil) and their composition.
| Fraction | Arabian Heavy /% | Arabian Light /% | Iranian Heavy /% | North Sea /% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gasoline | 18 | 21 | 21 | 23 |
| kerosene | 11.5 | 13 | 13 | 15 |
| diesel | 18 | 20 | 20 | 24 |
| fuel oil | 52.5 | 46 | 46 | 38 |
Which composition of petroleum would be the best for the motor vehicle industry?
Choose your answer
North Sea
Arabian Heavy
Arabian Light
Iranian Heavy
Which row shows a natural polymer with the same linkages as a synthetic polymer?
| natural polymer | synthetic polymer | |
|---|---|---|
| A | complex carbohydrate | nylon |
| B | complex carbohydrate | PET |
| C | protein | nylon |
| D | protein | PET |
Choose your answer
A student is following the written procedure for an experiment. The instruction states:
'Quickly add 25 cm3 of sodium hydroxide'
Which piece of apparatus would be most suitable to use?
Choose your answer
Burette
Conical flask
Measuring cylinder
Volumetric pipette
A student carries out an investigation on different plant extracts using paper chromatography. The experimental set-up he uses is shown below.
Where should he place the samples of plant extract?
Choose your answer
On the pencil line
Below the pencil line in the solvent
Exactly 1 cm above the pencil line
Exactly 1 cm below the pencil line
A student placed a small volume of an unknown solution into two separate test tubes labelled 1 and 2. He added a few drops of aqueous NaOH to each test tube and observed a green precipitate being formed. The precipitate dissolved on the addition of excess sodium hydroxide in test 1 but the precipitate remained in test tube 2.
Which ions must be present in test tubes 1 and 2?
| test tube 1 | test tube 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| A | Ca2+ | Cu2+ |
| B | Cu2+ | Ca2+ |
| C | Fe2+ | Cr3+ |
| D | Cr3+ | Fe2+ |
Choose your answer
Concentrated ammonia solution gives off ammonia gas. Concentrated hydrochloric acid gives off hydrogen chloride gas. Ammonia, NH3, and hydrogen chloride, HCl, are both colourless gases. Ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride to make the white solid ammonium chloride.
Apparatus is set up as shown.
After ten minutes a white solid forms in the tube where the gases meet.
i) Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ammonia with hydrogen chloride.
(1 mark)
ii) Name the process by which the ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases move in the tube.
(1 mark)
iii) At which point, A, B, C or D, does the white solid form? Explain why the white solid forms at that point.
(3 marks)
iv) The experiment was repeated at a higher temperature. Predict how the results of the experiment would be different. Explain your answer.
(3 marks)
Extract:
Concentrated ammonia solution gives off ammonia gas. Concentrated hydrochloric acid gives off hydrogen chloride gas. Ammonia, NH3, and hydrogen chloride, HCl, are both colourless gases. Ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride to make the white solid ammonium chloride.
After ten minutes a white solid forms in the tube where the gases meet.
Some of the white solid is removed from the tube and dissolved in water.
Describe how the white solid could be tested to show it contains:
i) Ammonium ions.
Test ...........................
Result .......................
(3 marks)
ii) Chloride ions.
Test .........................
Result .....................
(3 marks)
The diagram shows the electron arrangement in a molecule of ammonia, showing only outer shell electrons.
i) State the type of bonding in ammonia.
(1 mark)
ii) Hydrazine, N2H4, is another compound of nitrogen and hydrogen. Complete the diagram to show the electron arrangement in a molecule of hydrazine, showing only outer shell electrons.
(3 marks)
Nylon and proteins are both polymers containing nitrogen.
i) Name the linkages found in the polymers of nylon and protein.
(1 mark)
ii) Describe one difference in the structures of nylon and protein.
(1 mark)
iii) What is the general name given to the products of hydrolysis of proteins?
(1 mark)
Suggest the structure of the monomer used to make the polymer shown.
Substances can be classified as:
elements mixtures compounds
Elements can be divided into:
metals non-metals
Define each of the following terms.
i) element
(2 marks)
ii) compound
(2 marks)
iii) mixture
(1 mark)
Extract:
An element is: Option 1:
Classify each of the following as either an element, compound or mixture.
i) brass ..........................................................................................................
(1 mark)
ii) carbon dioxide .....................................................................................................
(1 mark)
iii) copper ..........................................................................................................
(1 mark)
Which physical property is used to distinguish between metals and non-metals?
It is possessed by all metals but by only one non-metal.
Iron pyrite, FeS2, is known as Fool’s Gold because it is a shiny yellow solid which is similar in appearance to gold. Iron pyrite is an ionic compound. Gold is a metallic element.
Iron pyrite, FeS2, contains positive and negative ions. The positive ion is Fe2+.
Deduce the formula of the negative ion.
Extract:
Iron pyrite, FeS2, is known as Fool's Gold because it is a shiny yellow solid which is similar in appearance to gold. Iron pyrite is an ionic compound. Gold is a metallic element.
A student is provided with a sample of iron pyrite and a sample of gold. Suggest how the student could distinguish between the two substances.
Extract:
Iron pyrite, FeS2, is known as Fool's Gold which is a shiny yellow solid.
Sulfur dioxide is produced on a large scale by heating iron pyrite strongly in air. The iron pyrite reacts with oxygen in the air producing iron(III) oxide, Fe2O3, and sulfur dioxide.
Construct a chemical equation for the reaction between iron pyrite and oxygen.