4.1 Ecosystems (Cambridge International AS Environmental Management): Exam Questions

Fig. 4.1 is a food web that shows some feeding relationships in a rainforest.

Fig. 4.1

(i) Label the pyramid of biomass using an organism from each trophic level in a food chain within this food web.

(ii) Explain the shape of the pyramid of biomass shown in (a)(i).

Table 4.1 shows data on productivity.

Table 4.1

(i) Tropical rainforest is an example of an ecosystem.

Define ecosystem productivity

(ii)

Suggest one reason why the productivity of the agricultural land is much smaller than the tropical rainforest.

In 2019, a major reforestation programme took place in Ethiopia.

350 million trees were planted over a 12-hour period in July.

(i) Suggest one reason why not all of the 350 million trees planted will grow into mature trees.

(ii) Suggest one reason why other countries do not have a similar reforestation programme.

(iii) Explain how reforestation can improve water security in a region.

(iv) In the past, eucalyptus trees were used to reforest areas of Ethiopia.

Eucalyptus trees are not native to Ethiopia.

Suggest the negative impacts of planting non-native trees.

(v) Explain how reforestation can help manage climate change.